ABSTRACT
Objective@#To determine the relationship between peer attachment and quality of life among adolescents in Chongqing, to provide scientific basis for intervention of quality of life.@*Methods@#A total of 6 073 respondents were selected from 5 middle schools and 6 primary schools in a district of Chongqing in December 2017 by stratified cluster sampling method. The revised Chinese version of Adolescent Attachment Questionnaire (IPPA-R) Peer Attachment Subscale and Adolescent Children s Quality of Life Scale were used to conduct the survey.@*Results@#The total score of life quality of students with secure attachment type (144.97±17.39) was significantly higher than that of students with insecure attachment type(136.45±17.75)(t=18.90，P<0.01). The scores of four dimensions of life quality of students with secure attachment[(30.40±5.11)(39.42±6.42)(53.45±7.99)(21.73±3.69)] were significantly higher than those of students with insecure attachment[(29.54±5.15)(37.87±6.66)(49.02±8.69)(20.02±3.60)](P<0.05). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that peer attachment was correlated with physical, psychological, social, adolescent dimensions and the total score of life quality(B=0.28，0.03，0.05，0.14，0.05，P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Adolescent peer attachment is positively correlated with the total score and specific dimensions of life quality. Improving the safety of peer attachment is helpful to improve life quality among adolescents.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of ginsenoside Rb1,the most abundant ginsenoside in ginseng root,on differentiation and lipolysis of 3T3-L1 cells and to explore its anti-diabetic mechanism.Methods 3T3-L1 preadipoeytes were induced under standard differentiation process in the presence of 0.1,1,10,100?mol/L ginsenoside Rb_1 for 6 days.Oil red O staining,measurement of triglyceride contents and glucose uptake assay were performed.The expressions of mRNA and protein of PPAR?2,C/EBP?,ap2,glucose transporter (Glut) 1,and Glut4 were analysed with quantitative real time-PCR and Western blot.The binding affinity of Rb_1 to PPAR?-LBD was evaluated by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR).Lipolysis of adipocytes was examined by the measurement of glycerol released from adipoeytes treated with Rb_1 for 1 h.Results Ginsenoside Rb_1 facilitated differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipoeytes in a dose-depondent manner.10?mol/L ginsenoside Rb_1 increased lipid accumulation by about 56%.Treatment of differentiating adipocytes with 10?mol/L ginsenoside Rb_1 increased the expressions of PPAR?2 and C/EBP?mRNA and protein,as well as mRNA expression of ap2,one of their target genes.After treatment of differentiating adipoeytes with Rb_1,basal and insulin-mediated glucose transport augmented significantly accompanied by up-regulations of mRNA and protein level of Glut4,but not of Glutl.SPR showed Rb_1 could bind to PPAR?which suggested Rb_1 was a ligand of PPAR?.Ginsenoside Rb_1 inhibited basal lipolysis in adipoeytos in a dose-dependent manner.However,it did not affect isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis.Conclusion As a PPAR?ligand,ginsenoside Rb_1 promotes adipogenesis,inhibitas basal lipolysis and inereasos basal and insulin-mediated glucose transport in cultured adipoeytes.Therefore,anti-diabetic and insulin-sensitizing activity of ginsenosides is,at least in part,involved in the enhancing effect on PPAR?2 and C/EBP?expressions,hence promoting adipogenesis and glucose uptake,and inhibiting lipolysis in adipocytes.